• Review of ionic compounds
        ○ One element [nonmetal] can strongly pull electrons away from the other element and become a negative ion [anion].
        ○ The other element [metal] is weaker at holding its electrons. It loses its valence electrons and becomes a positive ion [cation].
        ○ Metal + nonmetal
    • Molecular/covalent compounds
        ○ Nonmetal bonding with nonmetal
        ○ Consists of atoms covalently bonded together so electrons are shared
        ○ Examples
            § N2O (nitrous oxide) --> gas used at the dentist to relax patients
            § NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) --> poisonous toxin emitted from car exhaust
            § H20 --> water
            § CO2 (carbon dioxide) --> gas exhaled and created during combustion reactions
            § CO (carbon monoxide) --> lethal gas create during incomplete combustion
        ○ Molecular compounds share electrons to form a stable arrangement
        ○ The negatively-charged electrons are attracted to the positive nuclei of both atoms

        ○ When nonmetal elements share electrons they create covalent bonds
        ○ Atoms share electrons because they are most stable when they have a full electron shell.
        ○ Covalent bonds may be single, double, or triple bonds, depending on the number of electron pairs shared
        ○ Naming - when nonmetal elements share electrons they create covalent bonds